Jewish Family Campus Dedication

Jewish Family Campus Dedicated With Celebration

By PAULA BERENGUT
After more than eight years of planning and hoping and as a result of the dedication and support of many members of the Delaware community, the Jewish Family Campus became a reality on Sunday, June 5.

“Today is an historic occasion and it will be an important milestone in the history of our Jewish community … a day that will be honored by future generations as the moment when a new facility — this beautiful Campus — was given life.” With these words, Bernard Siegel opened the dedication ceremonies for the Campus.

Martin Mand described the history of the Campus, from the acquisition of the land through the planning stages to the reality that it has become. He made particular note of the fundraising efforts, without which the Campus, he said, would not exist. He singled out the efforts of Irving and Doris Morris, calling the Campus “a direct result of their leadership.”

He also made mention of the significant financing that has been provided by the foundations who contributed to the project. Besides members of the Jewish community who joined in the dedication of the facilities which will be theirs to use for many years to come, the ceremonies were attended by Jewish and non-Jewish community leaders and representatives of the businesses, institutions and foundations which, through their financial contributions, were instrumental in funding the Campus project.

Mand noted that he has “used many of the community’s buildings and facilities provided by the foresight, hard work and financial generosity of the many who were here before me. I do not know who these people are but I thank them. I have the satisfaction of knowing that in a small way I have played a part in leaving for future generations, most of whom I will not know, this wonderful Family Campus to enjoy for many years to come. This is, in a way, life’s process. Receive from those who precede us, build upon it, and leave for those who follow us a better community.”

“This facility will become the catalyst for taking the Center and the community into the twenty-first century,” said Judy Levy, immediate past President of the JCC. “It will be the place where all of us can come to be together.”

Levy credited Irving Kauffman, Executive Director of the JCC, with “nurturing the dream of the Campus since 1974 . . . His research, his visitations to other Centers . . . have created the vision that has now been brought to life.” Noting that Kauffman will retire in July, Levy added that “He was, as presidents and volunteers come and go, the steady hand that helped guide us to this day.

This Campus is a tribute to his years of leadership and counseling. To retire with this as a mark of achievement is glorious.”

The construction crews had cleared out, the sun shone, the breeze blew, and over 400 people gathered at the Jewish Community Center to formally dedicate the new facility. Although there was the pure and simple excitement in the air (created by the blue and white balloons and the pro months around the new pool with friends) there was also an unmistakable sense of awe in the same air — awe in the fact that this long held dream of a family campus has finally become a reality.

This campus is the result of “a collective effort on the part of many people over the past eight years,” said Doris Morris, who, together with her husband, Irving, chaired the Campus Capital Campaign, the fundraising campaign that brought the dream of the Family Campus to life. The Morrises have been involved in the planning for this facility since its conception.

As children flew kites, families strolled along the paths that wander in and out of the wooded areas of the Campus and others took advantage of the tennis and basketball courts, Mrs. Morris said, “There is space here for young and old, for people who exercise and those who contemplate, for the swimmer and for the sunbather, for music, art and games. You name it, and we can program for it. Now we must bring this beautiful Campus to life with our activities.”

Irving Morris added that the Campus is “a great community accomplishment … with the Federation leading the way, joined by the Center and its leadership. We found a great community response, not only in the Jewish community but as well among the non-Jewish foundations.” Morris added, “It is a beginning of the use of this facility and it is only through our seizure of this opportunity that we will be able to realize the dream.”

Martin Lubaroff, Chairperson of the Campus Development Committee, who has been responsible for overseeing the building of the Campus, said “The facility that we have constructed carries with it a challenge. And what I would like to do is leave you with that challenge. Having built the facility it is now incumbent upon us to USE the facility in a way which is consistent with what the JCC is all about.”

Lubaroff also thanked Richart Stat, with whom he worked very closely during the construction project.

“We as a community are fortunate indeed to be able to participate in the creation of the Jewish Family Campus. This facility is a unique opportunity,” commented Stephen Hermann, President of the Jewish Federation of Delaware. “Unique,” he explained, “because for the first time since the building of the JCC the community has been called upon to contribute to an addition to its capital facilities, and unique because we have dedicated a truly first class instrument for sports, education and entertainment. Led by Irv and Doris Morris, Marty Lubaroff, Judy Levy and Irv Kauffman, the challenge of construction has been met. Now it is up to us to fully use this special resource.”

Both Rabbi Kenneth Cohen, upon affixing the mezuzah to the doorpost of the Campus’ administration building, and Rabbi Leonard Gewirtz, in his Benediction, expressed the hope that the Jewish Family Campus would be a peaceful place and a “place of life.”

Rabbi Peter Grumbacher, in his invocation at the beginning of the ceremonies, summed up the sentiments of those whose effort turned the Campus into what it has become. “We have joined as one on this beautiful day to dedicate these facilities. May this Campus be a place upon which happy hearts and happy faces find enjoyment… May that which stirred our leaders to build for us, be a part of the inspiration of those who will use this campus, that they, too, will remember all their responsibilities for those who will come after them.”

The dedication celebration was begun on Saturday evening, June 4, with a party that included tours of the new facility, entertainment, dancing and hors d’oeuvres. There was also a leadership brunch held on Sunday morning before the formal dedication began. At the brunch, Rabbi Irving Greenberg, the keynote speaker for the dedication, spoke of the importance of facilities such as the new Campus in Jewish life. “We are all Jews by choice,” he noted, explaining that for the first time since the destruction of the second Temple, we don’t have to be Jews because of what society has impinged upon us. Because of our open society and the assimilation that is taking place within it, it is up to the Jewish leadership, the rabbi cautioned, to help Jews understand why they are Jews and to help them remain Jews.

Rabbi Greenberg’s Dedicatory Address ‘Triumph Of Life’

By PAULA BERENGUT

In selecting a speaker for the dedication of the Jewish Family Campus, Irving Morris noted as introduction, that “we could have chosen someone who would have joined in the praise of our accomplishments.” But, he added, were we to make such decisions based on the need to be praised, our structures would be in danger of becoming “only sterile symbols of our society without the learning and leadership and cohesiveness that should be the hallmark of a vibrant Jewish society.” For this reason, Rabbi Irving Greenberg was chosen, because he is “one of the leading thinkers in Jewish life today.”

Greenberg began his speech, which was entitled “From Death To Life,” by establishing what he called “a fundamental message of Judaism … in a way, the most incredible message of all.” This, he explained, is a claim that we are living in a world in which we will live to see the triumph of life. Notwithstanding all the evil and suffering in the world, all of these, he said, will be overcome by humanity.

This concept, which Greenberg noted is central not only to Judaism but to Christianity and Islam as well, may seem absurd, considering the incredible amount of suffering in the world. But, the rabbi says, this is not impossible, “if you observe certain ground rules.” There must exist a partnership consisting of the Divine and the Human — a covenant — and once this partnership exists, can the evil be overcome.

The first ground rule, he says, is that “there are no magic wands” and that we have the responsibility (while recognizing certain human limits) and we are accountable. The second ground rule, is that this “will not be accomplished by some mega-structure that we dwarf humans” but only by individual human beings.

Each of us is accountable for his own life as well as the world in which we live. The “infinite value of every human being,” once understood and accepted, Is the basis upon which we can, according to Greenberg, overcome evil and suffering and transform the world.

How do you transform the world? Begin with your own family, he suggested. Jews are not responsible for Jews alone, but “we have to start somewhere.” We must train I ourselves in the concept, said I Greenberg. He used the example of Anatoly Scharansky’s release to freedom as an il lustration of human beings being trained that their time should be devoted to helping, by reminding the audience of the thousands of people around the globe who joined in the effort to free the refusenik.

Finally, he said, achieve the dream one generation at a time. “Start with one promised land and eventually the whole world will be a Garden of Eden.” The bottom line is that we must do as much as we can do in our lifetimes and then pass it on. “One step at a time you will transform the world.”

Greenberg cautioned the audience to allow for diversity. “People are unique.” What you are, he said, is not a burden but, rather, a calling. Don’t help people because they are male like you, or female like you. Don’t help them because they are the same religion as you are.” We must, he said, respect this diversity within the human race. Each group, each religion, each person should “show a proud model of what their calling can be.” Once we can do this, he notes, we will achieve a perfect world and as a result of the diversity, this perfect world will be a “tapestry or a symphony.”

Greenberg went on to point out the paradox of the twentieth century, a century of unprecedented power and technology. The same power and technology which has been used to feed and provide shelter for unparalleled numbers of people has also been used, according to Greenberg, to perpetrate the greatest destruction of life in the history of humanity. Power, he cautioned, can either liberate or become the source of evil. The use of power is the “litmus test of a community’s ability to accept diversity.”

“So which will it be?,” Greenberg asks, “Will this be the century of the transformation and fulfillment of the dream or the breakdown of community and the growth of the selfishness?”

Greenberg closed on an optimistic note, saying that Judaism teaches that life will triumph. The new Jewish Family Campus and its commitment to family and community symbolizes that triumph.

Meet a Hero

Jerry Krim

On Sunday, April 29, 2018, Jerry Krim, a WWII veteran and member of the Jewish War Veterans, will join us for our program, Remembering Jewish Delaware’s Greatest Generation.  Krim is a survivor of a kamakazi attack of the aircraft carrier, Belleau Wood, in the Philippines, 30 October 1944.

It’s A Small World

About 3 years after the end of the war, I engaged in conversation a young man who came into my father’s place of business in my home town of Hazleton, Pennsylvania, a small city of thirty thousand souls in the hard coal region of northeast Pennsylvania. It wasn’t long until the fact that we both served in the navy came out and when i said i was on the U.S.S. Belleau Wood he excitedly announced that he was on the U.S.S. Patterson Dd 396 that had fished out of the ocean 13 crew members of the Belleau Wood on that fateful 30th of October 1944! When I told Jim (his name was James McHlarny) that I was one of the 13 it wasn’t long until we realized that because of a particular thing that happened that day, that Jim was the actual one who hauled me aboard and gave me his sack that night.

To make a long story short, when the Patterson, several hours after the kamikaze attack, came back to pick up guys who were forced by fire and explosions to go into the sea came upon four of us who where clinging to a lifenet. I missed the cargo net the Patterson had lowered about midship. The ship still had some forward movement and I managed to cling to the propeller guard just above the still turning screws. The sailor who climbed down from the poop deck was Jim McHlarny. As I told my experience that day we both instantly realized that we were the two involved.

Jim said “I got something at home to show you” and rushed to his house to bring back a picture of the burial at sea of two of our Belleau Wood shipmates that later died on the Patterson. The next morning we were transferred by breech boy and stretchers to a fleet tanker and then to the Belleau Wood being escorted back to Ulithi along with the damaged U.S.S. Franklin.

I lost track of Jim when I left the coal regions in 1949. Several years ago when in a letter from the U.S.S. Patterson reunion group appeared in our newsletter looking to locate guys from several different ships (including an Australian cruiser) that the great little ship rescued. I contacted them and discovered that Jim McHlarny unfortunately died in an industrial accident in 1978. For the information of all, the Patterson was one of the most decorated tin cans and a Pearl Harbor survivor and was in the Pacific for the entire war. Bravo zula to the great crew of the Patterson •… Jerry Krim (am3c) VI Div.

Make a reservation for Remembering Jewish Delaware’s Greatest Generation today.

Reserve a Seat Today

Trivia Contest Winners

The Jewish Voice is pleased to announce the winners of its Israel Trivia Contest! Mazal Tov – we know how tough it was!
First Prize (two tickets to the Jerusalem Symphony): Gail Lichtman
Second Prize (copy of Moshe Arens Speaks Out): Joel Glazier
Consolation Prizes (copies of the book Facts About Israel): Alan Horowitz and Rebecca Bank
The Jewish Voice would like to thank Bob Akell for creating this contest in honor of Israel’s 40th Anniversary.

Answers to contest:
Easy:
1. The Knesset has 120 members
2. The Shekel
3. Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Egypt
4. May 14, 1948, at 4 p.m.
5. El Al Airlines
6. Jewish, Moslem, Christian and Armenian
7. David Ben-Gurion
8. The Maccabiah Games
9. Yad Vashem
10. Jersualem
11. The Jordan River
12. Golda Meir
13. Asia
Media:
14. A seven -branched menorah surrounded by two olive branches linked by the word “Israel” written in Hebrew
15. In 1897 by Theodore Herzl
16. 1286 feet below sea level
17. Mt. Hermon -9220 feet
18. Saul
19. Jaffa, Zion, Dung, Lions (or St. Stephens), Herod’s, Damascus and New, Golden
20. May 11, 1949
21. On March 26, 1979, with the signors: Prime Minister Menachem Begin for Israel and President Anwar Sadat for Egypt; President Jimmy Carter was witness
22. Metulla
23. Caesarea
24. Arabic
25. Judea and Samaria
26. Palestine
Hard:
27. Tat-Aluf
28. Israel has 10,840 square miles. Nine states in the U.S. are smaller:  Connecticut (5009 sq.mi.), Delaware (2057 sq.mi), Hawaii (6424 sq.mi.), Maryland (10,577 sq.mi.), Massachusetts (8257 sq.mi.), New Hampshire (9,304 sq.mi.), New Jersey (7,836 sq.mi.), Rhode Island (1,214 sq.mi.) and Vermont (9,609 sq.mi.).
29. 82.9 percent Jews, 13.5 percent Moslems, 2.3 percent Christians, and 1.3 percent Druze and others.

30. Tel Aviv University with 16,900 students and Hebrew University of
Jerusalem with 16,000 students
31. War of Independence: May 1948-July 1949; Sinai Campaign: October 1956;
Six-Day War: June 1967; Yom Kippur War: October 1973; and Operation Peace
for Gallilee: June 1982.
32. The Histadrut
33. The Mount of Olives
34. Ho Chi Minh offered land in Vietnam
35. Degania
36. Herodion
37. November 29, 1947
38. Nelson Glueck
39. Safed at 960 meters or 3150 feet
40. Tiberias is 210 meters or 689 feet below sea level.

The Greatest Generation

The Jewish Historical Society of Delaware is pleased to announce its 2018 Annual Meeting program, Remembering Jewish Delaware’s Greatest Generation

Join us on Sunday, April 29, 2018 at the Siegel Jewish Community Center at 101 Garden of Eden Road, Wilmington, DE 19803.  The annual meeting will begin at 1 o’clock PM and the program will follow.  Light refreshments will be served at the conclusion of the program.  The event is free and open to the public.

Take an inside look at the “Dear Mollye” collection with the Jewish Historical Society of Delaware’s archivist, Gail Pietrzyk.  We’ll tell the story of Mollye Sklut, who wrote to hundreds of men and women serving during WWII and go beyond to pay tribute to the many other heroic Delawareans who served and sacrificed for the war effort.  Learn about the Gold Star Mothers, who lost their sons in battle.  Honor those who earned Silver Stars, Purple Hearts, Distinguished Flying Crosses, and many other citations for bravery and courage.

Discover how letters and photographs stored for 75 years can come to life and the stories of long ago can inspire and enrich us today.

Post card from Leonard Cooper to Mollye Sklut, Under the K.P. tree
Post card from Leonard Cooper to Mollye Sklut, Under the K.P. tree

“These letters have everything,” says archivist Pietrzyk, “romance, humor, courage, and if you count KP duty, even the kitchen sink! “

This introduction will launch the JHSD’s web-exhibit for the “Dear Mollye” collection.  We hope visitors will share their memories, stories, and photographs to help us all preserve and remember the Greatest Generation.

 

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising Anniversary

In 1973, the thirtieth anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising inspired Rabbi David Geffen, then the Rabbi of Congregation Beth Shalom, to write this article for the Jewish Voice. Now, forty-five years later and seventy-five years after the events in the spring of 1943, we should again remember their heroic resistance.

Passover 5733 — Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 30th Anniversary

BY RABBI DAVID B. GEFFEN, President, Rabbinical Assembly of Delaware

A hush falls upon the Seder table richly laden with the symbols of an ancient quest for freedom. The head of the household begins anew the story of the heroic and tragic fight for freedom in our time.

“On this night of the Seder we remember with reverence and love the six millions of our people of the European exile who perished at the hands of a tyrant more wicked than the Pharoah who enslaved our fathers in Egypt.

Come, said he to his minions, let us cut them off from being a people that the name of Israel may be remembered no more. And they slew the blameless and pure, men and women and little ones, with vapors of poison and with fire. But we abstain from dwelling on the deeds of the evil ones lest we defame the image of God in which man was created.

Now the remnants of our people who were left in the ghettos and camps of annihilation rose up against the wicked ones for the sanctification of the Name. On the first day of Passover the remnants in the Ghetto of Warsaw rose up against the adversary, even as in the days of Judah the Maccabee. They were lovely and pleasant in their lives, and in their death they were not divided, and they brought redemption to the name of Israel through all the world.

And from the depths of their affliction the martyrs lifted their voices in a song of faith in the coming of the Messiah, when justice and brotherhood will reign among men.”

***

WARSAW WAS HOME for 330,000 Jews in 1939. They studied, worked and lived peacefully until October of the following year when the great madness, Hitler’s “New Order,” began in Poland. Jews were herded into a ghetto separated from the Christians with walls and barbed wire. This was a harbinger of the human holocaust which followed.

Until July of 1942, slow starvation and the denial of medical help were the means employed by the Germans to exterminate the Jews. These methods, however, were apparently too slow, for the Germans now began mass deportations to concentration camps and gas chambers under the guise of using Jews in labor camps.

Jews from various parts of Europe were collected and sent to the Warsaw Ghetto. From this central location they were transported to Auschwitz, Treblinka, Belzec, Majdenek, and the like. At the end of October, 1942 only 50,000 Jews were left in Warsaw.

Up to this point it was difficult for most people to believe that the Germans were using Jews for any purpose other than for forced labor. Gradually rumors of atrocities committed and gas chambers began to fly through the ghetto. The news became a clarion call to the young Jews to organize for survival. Young Jewish leaders arose and formed the Organization of Jewish Fighters. Young leaders they were, indeed, for the Germans had already slaughtered the top leadership of the Jewish Communal Council, thinking by doing this, that the Jews would easily be crushed.

***

THEY HAD NOT reckoned however, with the caliber of people like Mordechai Anielewicz, Mira Fuchrer, Michał Klepfisz, Aron Liebeskind, Yitzhak Goldstein, Tosia Altman, Eliezer Geller, Shlomo Alterman, Rubin Rosenberg,  Rifkah Glanz, Lejb Rotblat, and others who led the active heroic resistance in many places.

Following the mass deportations of October, 1942 during which Michał Klepfisz, an engineer, had managed to escape from a train bound for the gas chamber in Treblinka, a period of relative quiet ensued lasting three months. In January, 1943 when the Germans again began to deport and exterminate, they were met with organized armed resistance under the leadership of Mordechai Anielewicz.

Mordechai Anielewicz
Mordechai Anielewicz

Mordechai Anielewicz, born in Warsaw of a poor family of workers was then only 24 years old. By 1943 he had already undertaken various missions in behalf of Jewish youth and the Jewish Underground Movement.

During this January revolt the Jews suffered very heavy losses, but they were now determined that if they were to die they would die in dignity, fighting, believing that the great madness let loose’ in the world, could not triumph.

Another period of foreboding quiet followed. It was broken in the middle of the first Seder night, April 19, 1943. SS Troops, Ukrainians, Polish Blue Police, Lithuanian uniformed auxiliaries invaded the ghetto in order to perform complete murder, a ritual of extermination.

***

UNDER MORDECHAI’S leadership the Jews were prepared with limited weapons for the barbarians. They fought with a fierceness and perseverance which made even Germans and Poles wonder. The losses to the Jews, however, were tremendous.

On the second day of the uprising Michał Klepfisz, the engineer, 30 years old, son of a Hassidic rabbi, having escaped certain death in Treblinka, fell in action as commander of a sector, one of the bravest fighters in the Warsaw revolt.

Yitzchak Goldstein, 27 years old, who had acquired his military training in the Polish army now used it skillfully for Jewish resistance. He too was killed in action defending a bunker in the ghetto.

Tosia (Taube) Altmann (1918-1943), a leader of the Jewish underground and organizer of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, died in the hands of the Gestapo on May 26, 1943. Institution: Moreshet
Tosia (Taube) Altmann (1918-1943). Institution: Moreshet

Tosia Altman, then 25 years of age, had been born into a wealthy family of Wloclawek. During the uprising she was one of 14, who after being wounded in a severe fight, were carried through underground tunnels and sewers to the Aryan part of Warsaw. Polish police turned her over to the German Gestapo. In the hospital she was denied any help, even water, and died of exhaustion due to her wounds.

Rubin Rosenberg, 22, was born in Suchwole, near Bialystok of a very rich Hassidic family. Editor of a bulletin which circulated among the entire Jewish Underground Movement in Poland during the war, he fell armed with two revolvers during an attack -upon the Germans while trying to break through the ghetto wall.

Mordechai Anielewicz courageously together with four of his comrades among them the girl, Mira Fuchrer, fell in action in May, 1943, defending the office of general staff. The Germans had blocked all the exits from the bunker and started throwing hand grenades into the headquarters. Eighty fighters died with them, some committing suicide in order not to fall into the hands of the enemy.

***

Lejb Rotblat
Lejb Rotblat

THE ONLY SON of an assimilationist family, Lejb Rotblat, 24, born in Warsaw, had attended a Christian school, but later joined the Zionist group Akiba. During the uprising he had brought his mother, whom he adored, to the bunker he was defending. When it was seized by the Germans after a hard fight, he shot his mother to prevent her torture by the Germans and then shot himself.

Some heroes survived the uprising only to be subsequently killed performing dangerous missions resisting the German butchery.

Eliezer Geller
Eliezer Geller

Eliezer Geller, born in Opoczno in 1919 was one of the dreamers of Zion. In January, 1943 he wrote in one of his letters: “I am continuing my love-game with death and I think I shall marry it.” He undertook extremely dangerous missions under the Aryan name of Eugenjusz Kowalski. His last was a special mission to Bergen Belsen, the death factory from which he never returned.

Aharon Liebeskind
Aharon Liebeskind

Aharon Liebeskind, born in Cracow in 1912, was a master saboteur. He executed nearly 30 sabotage actions against the Germans including a daring attack upon German officers in the center of Cracow.

Shlomo Alterman
Shlomo Alterman

Shlomo Alterman fought courageously during the whole revolt and managed to escape through the sewers to the Aryan part of Warsaw. He died during the summer fighting together with a partisan group in the woods near the city of Lozma.

Rifkah Glanz was preparing:” herself for Navy service in Eretz Yisrael when she was seized by the Germans in the Polish port of Gdynia. She escaped afterwards to Lodz and let the armed Jewish Underground resistance in Czestochowa. At the end of the Warsaw revolt, Rifkah courageously smuggled herself into the ruins of the Ghetto in order to get arms for resistance in to her places. On June 26, 1943, 28 year old Rifkah and the 40 fighters whom she led were killed trying to force their way out of the Warsaw ghetto through the German blockade.

The pharoah in our time destroyed six million lives, but the spirit with which they clung to life cannot die. Indeed in our own community there should be a public memorial to them which would testify eternally to what they did against the greatest tyrant in history. Let their actions and the song they sang be an inspiration to us on Passover 5733.

“Tell me not the light of hope has passed you by
Tell me not the sun has vanished from the sky
I can hear the footsteps beating like a drum.
And the day we all are striving for will come.
When the enemy has been destroyed at last,
Then tomorrow’s sun will light our bitter past;
Though this day of blood may seem to us so long;
Future years will hear the echo of our song.”

Chag sameach vepesach Kasher – May each of you be blessed with a meaningful Passover. ”


About the Author:

Rabbi David Geffen served as the rabbi of the Beth Shalom Congregation in Wilmington Delaware from 1970 to 1977, during which time he also established the Jewish Historical Society of Delaware in 1974 and authored six books under its auspices.
Geffen emigrated to Israel in 1977 with his family. He writes for The Jerusalem Post, having published more than 350 articles and book reviews and another 75 in the World Zionist Press Service.
He also authored the American Heritage Haggadah in 1992 which in the context of the Passover Seder service described the history of Jews in the United States of America.
Geffen returned to the US in 1993 to serve as rabbi of the Temple Israel congregation in Scranton, Pennsylvania, a position he held until 2003.


For more information, please visit these resources:

Ronen, Avihu. “Poland: Women Leaders in the Jewish Underground During the Holocaust.” Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. 1 March 2009. Jewish Women’s Archive. (Viewed on February 26, 2018) .

Webb, Chris “Mordechai Anielewicz” Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team. 2008  HolocaustResearchProject.org (Viewed on February 26, 2018).

The Ghetto Fighters’ House Archives

Kutzik, Jordan. “Remembering Archivist and Warsaw Ghetto Survivor Rose Klepfisz.” April 15, 2016 Yivo Institute for Jewish Research Yiddish Forverts (Viewed on February 26, 2018).